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Awash in Liquidity
The bears can make a great case for the fact that the Fed is in a "box" and cannot lower or raise interest rates, and if we enter a recession or the economy strengthens there is no way out. Of course, the bulls response is always the same—"we are awash in liquidity" and that is really all you need to drive the market higher. We’ve heard this story before!!
When you hear debates about the direction of the stock market and listen carefully, it is hard to argue with the bear’s presentation. Most presentations go into all the reasons that there is such a strong probability of entering a recession. They point to how historically if the leading economic indicator (LEI) does this, or the yield curve does that, or the housing starts and permits decline by a certain percentage, are all associated with recessions. They also point out that the valuation of the stock market is stretched, especially when the earnings are normalized. Another case can be made that the economy will get stronger and drive inflation higher. This will cause a rise in interest rates and drive the stock market down.
The bulls, on the other hand, invariably point to the cash in the coffers of corporations like Microsoft, Motorola, and other large companies. These corporations have the option of distributing the cash to shareholders, buying back the stock in the open market, or making attractive acquisitions which will enhance the stock’s value. But this isn’t the only way that we are awash in liquidity—the main reason is because all the money in hedge funds can be leveraged as high as 20 or even 50 to 1. This money has to be put to work and obviously will have to wind up in the largest equity market in the world, the U.S. Even more importantly, these private equity firms like Blackstone, are being flooded with so much cash that they could wind up taking private a substantial chunk of the U.S. stock market. In fact, last week ISI came out with a research report that theoretically indicated "Leveraged Buy Outs (LBOs) could take out half of the S&P 500’s Market Cap!" They showed that "2007 is on track for the greatest number of LBOs in recent memory".
If you believe the bull case that all the excess liquidity will have to flow into the U.S. stock market you would have to become bullish and join the fray. On the other hand, we took a look at the transaction of Cablevision that was announced yesterday. The Dolans are in the process of taking over CVC by taking on $15.5 billion of additional debt on top of the $12 billion already on the books. This will increase the debt to $27.5 billion while the total assets are only $10 billion. Is this what is called excess liquidity?
You know the commercial on TV (about an online travel service- we think it is hotel.com) that is shown quite a bit about this guy going into his hotel room and getting really upset because he was sure that he was in the same hotel room in the past. That is when his wife reminded him that he was able to look at this same room through the travel service’s virtual tour. He was relieved when he realized he was not hallucinating.
We feel the same way about this "excess liquidity" that all the bulls talk about today. Thank you, Ray DeVoe for reminding us that we have seen this act before in your latest report!! We used to go to Mike Milken’s Annual Los Angeles Conference called "The Predators Ball" where LBOs were the "hot" thing at the time. This was when "junk bonds" and other "payment in kind" gimmicks were used to buy up other companies. The companies that were purchased were restructured and either re-sold or went public again. Subsequently, many of these companies were unable to service their high cost debt and the whole picture turned ugly. This is just before Mike Milken went to jail since he did whatever he could to acquire these companies including "parking securities" with friends so he didn’t have to disclose his interest as he was acquiring the shares.
Before that was the "conglomerates", where guys like Jimmy Ling would buy out other companies that were in businesses that were not even closely related to the parent company’s business. The concept that they tried to sell to "Wall Street" was that the combination of several companies would be worth more than the sum of the individual companies. In other words, they sold the concept that 2+2=6 and although debt was used to make these acquisitions, there was nothing to worry about since the equity value would increase enough to offset the debt burden. They also preached the concept of buying lower Price to Earnings (PEs) companies and used "pooling of interest" accounting (as if the companies purchased were owned all along) in order to inflate earnings and hopefully still get the acquirers higher PE. This conglomeration concept ended badly as divisions had to be sold off to pay down the onerous debt.
All of these prior "excess liquidity" situations by leveraging companies up with debt had an ugly ending, and we suspect this one will not be an exception. Take a look at the attached charts showing "excess debt" not "excess liquidity".
http://www.comstockfunds.com/index.cfm?act=Newsletter.cfm&CFID=17683847&CFTOKEN=50579739&category=Market%20Commentary&newsletterid=1302&menugroup=Home
Barry Ritholtz Blog
in Economy | Markets | Psychology/Sentiment | RR&A | Trading
Several people have specifically asked for my explicit investing thesis, as opposed to the more general economic discussion/market analysis we see on the blog.
It is a fine line to provide stimulating discussion here, while at the same time not being unfair to the people who actually pay for our research and commentary. Anytime research runs in the press (Such as this "Real Estate and the Post-Crash Economy") some subscriber lodges a complaint.
An astute observer should be able to deduce what my general views are from the various posts and appearances. I do not think any of the paying subscribers will be offended if I pull an introductory quote that reveals some additional details from a much longer piece.
This is the intro from yesterday's market commentary:
"In a seeming paradox, we have a rapidly accelerating market, and a rapidly decelerating economy. Hopes for a rate cut in the face of this asset inflation are pushed out further and further into the future. This is now a trading market, where momentum and trend dominate, increasingly detached from the decaying domestic fundamentals. Global growth remains strong, and despite that – or perhaps because of it – US markets are lagging their overseas peers (see table of global bourses on page 5).
How much further this market can rally is anyone’s guess, but a “Melt-Up” to Dow 14,000 would not surprise us. While overdue for a pullback (see #1 below), the markets have shown little interest in any such activity. Instead, traders seem to want to rally ‘em on any news, good or bad.
A melt up would likely be accompanied by rush back into equities by the one group notably absent from the current action: the public. As the trading volumes at the major online brokers have revealed, John Q. Public is nowhere to be found in the current market. We suspect that the aforementioned rush back in would be accompanied by a significant spike in Bullish sentiment. Until that excessive Bullish sentiment develops, it is not safe to trade on the short side of the market.
Meanwhile, a “melt up” presents a high risk trading, not investing, opportunity. A melt up inflates the air pocket that has already developed underneath the present environment; only the most nimble traders are capable of avoiding the ensuing danger."
Today's WSJ had an interesting quote describing Wednesday's action as a Buying Panic, a characterization I do not disagree with:
"For the next week or two, I would advise investors who have money that they're thinking of putting in the market to hold off," said strategist Al Goldman, of A.G. Edwards & Sons. Mr. Goldman said there seems to be a "buying panic" this week among money managers who have come to regret keeping clients' money on the sidelines during last month's gains. "At the end of the day, these guys are paid to manage stock, not to manage cash," he said."
That oughta hold the little bastards . . .
Sources:
Next stop, Dow 14,000?
RR&A, May 2, 2007
http://www.ritholtz.com/component/option,com_docman/task,cat_view/gid,26/Itemid,126/
'Buying Panic' Drives Stocks As Blue-Chip Rally Goes On
PETER A. MCKAY
WSJ, May 3, 2007; Page C1
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB117814978098390167.html
wie lange sind wir schon in der Übertreibungsphase?
Etwa schon seit 1978 oder noch länger?

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