Solid 2024 performance; executing on plan to accelerate growth
Laurent Freixe, Nestlé CEO commented: "In a challenging macroeconomic context and soft consumer environment, we achieved a solid performance in 2024 in line with our latest guidance. Organic growth was 2.2%, with a return to positive real internal growth of 0.8%, and both strengthened in the second half. Free cash flow improved to CHF 10.7 billion, and the Board proposes an increase in the dividend per share to CHF 3.05.
We have a clear roadmap to accelerate performance and transform for the future. Increasing investment to drive growth is central to our plan. This means delivering superior product taste and quality with unbeatable value, scaling our winning platforms and brands, accelerating the rollout of our innovation ‘big bets’ and addressing underperformers. We are creating the fuel for these growth investments through our new CHF 2.5 billion three-year cost savings program. We are making good progress and have already secured over CHF 300 million of these savings for 2025.
From 2025, we expect our actions to drive an improvement in organic sales growth, with a lower underlying trading operating profit margin in the short term as we invest for growth. While there is macroeconomic uncertainty, we have lots of opportunities ahead of us, and we have the strategy, the resources and the people and team to deliver."
In millions of CHF | 2024 | 2023 | Reported change |
- Real internal growth (RIG) | 0.8% | - 0.3% | |
- Pricing | 1.5% | 7.5% | |
Organic growth | 2.2% | 7.2% | |
Net acquisitions/(disposals) | - 0.3% | - 0.9% | |
Foreign exchange movements | - 3.7% | - 7.8% | |
Reported sales growth | - 1.8% | - 1.5% | |
Sales | 91,354 | 92,998 | - 1.8% |
Underlying trading operating profit | 15,704 | 16,053 | - 2.2% |
Gross profit margin | 46.7% | 45.9% | 80 bps |
Underlying trading operating profit margin | 17.2% | 17.3% | - 10 bps |
Net profit1 | 10,884 | 11,209 | - 2.9% |
Basic EPS | 4.19 | 4.24 | - 1.0% |
Underlying EPS | 4.77 | 4.80 | - 0.8% |
Dividend per share (proposed for 2024) | 3.05 | 3.00 | 1.7% |
Free cash flow | 10,666 | 10,403 | 2.5% |
1 Profit for the year attributable to shareholders of the parent
Financial highlights
Broad-based organic growth despite soft consumer demand, with a return to positive RIG
Margin in line with latest guidance, reflecting input cost increases and growth investments
Strong free cash flow generation, continued dividend per share growth
Operational and strategic progress and outlook
Organizational changes implemented to increase simplicity and strengthen accountability
CHF 2.5 billion cost savings program launched, with first results already achieved
Plan to drive growth through increased investment and better execution
2025 outlook unchanged
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Operating and strategic review and outlook
Growth and investment
In 2024, organic growth was 2.2%, with pricing of 1.5% and RIG of 0.8%. This return to positive RIG came despite soft consumer demand in many markets, including consumer hesitancy towards global brands linked to geopolitical tensions, as well as actions taken to reduce customer inventory. Organic growth was 2.1% in the first half (H1) and 2.3% in the second half (H2), with RIG of 0.1% in H1, improving to 1.4% in H2.
Organic growth of 2.2% was impacted by a slowdown in category growth and our own below-market development. We have a clear focus on accelerating category growth and improving our market share performance in 2025 and over the medium term. An important part of how we deliver this is focusing our resource allocation behind our strongest growth drivers: scaling existing winning platforms and brands; accelerating the rollout of our innovation ‘big bets’; and building new growth engines that capture emerging consumer trends.
On market share performance, in 2024 we gained or held share in approximately half of our business cells by number, but in less than half of our business cells by sales value. The majority of the Group’s market share loss is driven by 18 key underperforming business cells, which together account for approximately 21% of Group sales. We are executing our action plans at pace for each cell and are seeing some early signs of improvement.
A key element of improving our performance is strengthening our value propositions to consumers and customers. We are increasing investment to deliver superior product taste and quality, unbeatable value, unmissable visibility and compelling brand communication. Price competitiveness is a priority in the context of the high inflationary environment for certain commodities, most notably coffee and cocoa. We are taking an agile approach to passing on input cost increases, selectively investing in price as we focus on restoring competitiveness. To strengthen brand communication, we are stepping up investment and improving efficiency and effectiveness. Advertising and marketing spend as a percentage of sales fell from 9.0% in 2019 to a low of 6.6% in H2-2022; in 2024, this recovered to 8.1% and is planned to increase further to 9% by the end of 2025.
Efficiency and productivity
At our Capital Markets Day in November 2024, we announced a new three-year cost reduction program we have called Fuel for Growth, which is in addition to existing cost efficiency initiatives. We target CHF 2.5 billion run-rate cost savings from the new program by the end of 2027, and these savings will be used to fund increased investment in growth.
The Fuel for Growth program is expected to drive in-year savings of CHF 0.7 billion in 2025, CHF 1.4 billion in 2026 and CHF 2.3 billion in 2027. By the end of 2027, we expect to have reached the full run-rate savings of CHF 2.5 billion. In 2025, CHF 300 million of the savings impact this year only, with the further CHF 400 million being recurring savings that reduce the cost base on an ongoing basis. Over CHF 300 million of the expected CHF 0.7 billion cost savings for 2025 have already been secured.
Approximately three-quarters of the total savings in Fuel for Growth will come in procurement, with the remainder coming from operational efficiencies and commercial investments. Within procurement, the most significant savings will come from AI-powered procurement and supplier management, spend consolidation and aggregation, and e-sourcing expansion and automation. Within operational efficiencies and commercial investments, key initiatives include reviewing operating models as well as opportunities in manufacturing and logistics. The savings in procurement and commercial investments are expected to have limited costs to achieve; operational efficiencies will typically incur one-off costs of approximately 2 times the annual savings.
These Fuel for Growth savings are in addition to over CHF 1 billion per annum of ongoing efficiencies from existing Nestlé Continuous Excellence initiatives.
Expected phasing of Fuel for Growth cost savings program:
In CHF billion | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
2025 non-recurring | 0.3 | ||
2025 recurring savings | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
2026 recurring savings | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
2027 recurring savings | 0.9 | ||
Total in-year savings | 0.7 | 1.4 | 2.3 |
Run-rate savings at end of 2027 | 2.5 |
Strengthening foundations
Nestlé’s success depends on alignment and in-market execution, and people are critical to that. 2024 was an important year of change in our leadership. Our new leadership team moved quickly to align and refocus the organization. We have simplified the Group’s structure and reorganized Nestlé Waters and premium beverages into a global, standalone business. This is complemented by the introduction of a more aligned performance management framework – our ‘Operational Master Plan’ – to increase Group-wide performance and drive pace of execution across the organization. We have also accelerated our digital transformation as we move to becoming a real-time, end-to-end connected enterprise, powered by data and artificial intelligence.
Operating sustainably is an important foundation for Nestlé, and we made progress across multiple areas. In particular, we delivered our 2025 greenhouse gas emission reduction target one year ahead of plan and made strong progress with our regenerative agriculture agenda.
Guidance
Our 2025 guidance is in line with the outlook we provided at the Capital Markets Day, with accelerated delivery of cost efficiencies offsetting recent increases in key commodity prices, especially in coffee and cocoa. In 2025, organic sales growth is expected to improve compared to 2024, strengthening through the year as we continue to deliver on our growth plans. UTOP margin is expected to be at or above 16.0% as we invest for growth. Guidance assumes no significant change in key macroeconomic variables.
Our objective remains to deliver superior, sustainable and profitable growth. In the medium term, we continue to expect organic sales growth to be at 4% plus in a normal operating environment, with an underlying operating profit margin at 17.0% plus.
Financial review
Sales
Total reported sales decreased by 1.8% to CHF 91.4 billion, including negative impacts of 3.7% from foreign exchange movements and 0.3% from net divestitures. Organic growth was 2.2%. Pricing was 1.5%, reflecting a reduction in inflation across most categories after two years of high input cost and price increases. RIG returned to positive growth at 0.8% and was still impacted by soft consumer demand in many markets, including consumer hesitancy towards global brands in certain markets. Additionally, actions taken to reduce customer inventory in the second half of the year reduced full-year RIG by approximately 20 basis points.
By geography, organic growth was driven by emerging markets and Europe, which together more than offset a decrease in North America. In developed markets, organic growth was 1.2%, with positive pricing and RIG. In emerging markets, organic growth was 3.7%, led by pricing with positive RIG.
Organic growth by product category was as follows:
By channel, organic growth in retail sales was 2.1%. Organic growth of out-of-home channels was 3.2%. E-commerce sales grew organically by 11.3%, reaching 18.9% of total Group sales.
Gross profit and operating profit
Gross profit was flat at CHF 42.7 billion, and the gross profit margin increased by 80 bps to 46.7%. The gross profit margin reached 47.2% in H1, then declined 90 bps sequentially to 46.3% in H2, driven by higher input costs in coffee and cocoa.
Distribution expenses as a percentage of sales was flat versus the prior year at 8.3%. Marketing and administration expenses as a percentage of sales increased by 90 bps to 19.8%. This comprised: advertising and marketing expenses as a percentage of sales up 40 bps to 8.1%, as we began to step up investment; and administration expenses as a percentage of sales up 50 bps to 11.7% of sales, largely reflecting higher labor costs, the appreciation of the Swiss Franc and one-off items. Research and development costs as a percentage of sales was flat versus the prior year at 1.8%.
Underlying trading operating profit was CHF 15.7 billion, a decrease of 2.2% on a reported basis and an increase of 1.3% in constant currency. The underlying trading operating profit margin was 17.2%, a decrease of 10 bps on a reported basis and flat in constant currency.
Restructuring and net other trading items was CHF 1.1 billion compared with CHF 1.5 billion in the prior year, with the reduction mainly due to lower restructuring costs. Trading operating profit increased by 0.8% to CHF 14.6 billion. The trading operating profit margin reached 16.0%, an increase of 40 bps on a reported basis and 50 bps in constant currency.
As % of sales | 2024 | 2023 | Reported change | Constant currency change |
Sales | 100.0% | 100.0% | - | |
Cost of goods sold | -53.3% | -54.1% | 80 bps | |
Gross profit margin | 46.7% | 45.9% | 80 bps | |
Other revenue | 0.4% | 0.4% | 0 bps | |
Distribution expenses | - 8.3% | - 8.3% | 0 bps | |
Marketing and administration expenses | - 19.8% | - 18.9% | - 90 bps | |
Research and development costs | - 1.8% | - 1.8% | 0 bps | |
Underlying trading operating profit margin | 17.2% | 17.3% | -10 bps | 0 bps |
Other trading income | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0 bps | |
Other trading expenses | -1.3% | -1.8% | 50 bps | |
Trading operating profit margin | 16.0% | 15.6% | 40 bps | 50 bps |
Other operating income | 0.5% | 0.3% | 20 bps | |
Other operating expenses | -0.4% | -0.8% | 40 bps | |
Operating profit margin | 16.1% | 15.1% | 100 bps |
Net financial expenses and income tax
Net financial expenses increased to CHF 1.5 billion from CHF 1.4 billion, reflecting a higher level of average net debt and an increase in interest rates. The average cost of net debt was 2.6% compared to 2.5% in 2023.
The Group reported tax rate was 25.0%, compared to 18.2% in the prior year. The increase was mainly due to a write-off in deferred tax assets from changes in utilization projections and the absence of the favorable one-off items that positively impacted 2023. The underlying tax rate increased by 70 basis points to 21.9%, driven by higher corporate and withholding tax rates in some jurisdictions, as well as changes in the geographical and business mix of profits.
Net profit and earnings per share
Net profit decreased by 2.9% to CHF 10.9 billion. Basic earnings per share decreased by 1.0% to CHF 4.19, reflecting the movement in net profit and the impact of the share buyback program.
Underlying net profit was CHF 12.4 billion, a decrease of 2.6%, and an increase of 0.6% in constant currency. Underlying earnings per share was CHF 4.77, a decrease of 0.8%, and an increase of 2.5% in constant currency. The share buyback program contributed 1.1% to the underlying earnings per share change, net of finance costs.
Cash flow
Cash generated from operations increased to CHF 19.6 billion from CHF 19.2 billion in 2023. Free cash flow was CHF 10.7 billion compared to the prior year free cash flow of CHF 10.4 billion, which included CHF 0.6 billion proceeds from the disposal of a financial asset, with the increase primarily due to lower taxes paid and lower cash restructuring costs, as well as reduced capital expenditure.
Dividend
At the Annual General Meeting on April 16, 2025, the Board of Directors will propose a dividend of CHF 3.05 per share, an increase of 5 centimes. Nestlé has maintained or increased the dividend in Swiss francs over the last 65 years. We remain committed to the long-held practice of increasing the dividend in Swiss francs every year.
The last trading day with entitlement to receive the dividend will be April 17, 2025. The net dividend will be payable as from April 24, 2025. Shareholders entered in the share register with voting rights on April 9, 2025, at 12:00 noon (CEST) will be entitled to exercise their voting rights.
Share buyback program
In 2024, the Group repurchased 48.2 million Nestlé S.A. shares for CHF 4.4 billion under the CHF 20.0 billion share buyback program that began in January 2022 and was completed as planned in December 2024. Under the program, 187.4 million shares were repurchased in the three-year period, of which 143.9 million have so far been cancelled. At the upcoming Annual General Meeting, the Board of Directors will propose the cancellation of the remaining 43.5 million repurchased shares, reducing the share capital of Nestlé S.A. from CHF 262,000,000 to CHF 257,652,000. We do not currently anticipate initiating a new share buyback program in 2025.
Net debt
Net debt was CHF 56.0 billion as at December 31, 2024, compared to CHF 49.6 billion at December 31, 2023. The increase largely reflected cash outflows for the dividend payment of CHF 7.8 billion and share buybacks of CHF 4.5 billion as well as the impact of foreign exchange movements. The ratio of net debt to Adjusted EBITDA was 2.90 times at December 31, 2024, compared to 2.54 times at December 31, 2023. This is towards the top of our target range of 2 to 3 times for net debt to Adjusted EBITDA.
Return on invested capital
Return on invested capital was 14.1%, compared to 13.9% in 2023. This improvement reflects a lower base of average invested capital, mainly linked to working capital, and a reduction in restructuring costs.
Minority participations
In late 2024, we established Nestlé Equity Holdings to consolidate ownership of many of our minority participations, enhancing governance and allowing for a more consistent and efficient approach to managing these interests.
Operating segment review
Total Group | Zone North America | Zone Europe | Zone AOA | Zone Latin America | Zone Greater China | Nestlé Health Science | Nespresso | Other Businesses | |
Sales FY-2024 (CHF m) | 91,354 | 25,336 | 18,910 | 16,793 | 11,933 | 4,973 | 6,739 | 6,378 | 292 |
Sales FY-2023 (CHF m) | 92,998 | 25,995 | 19,098 | 17,519 | 12,196 | 5,037 | 6,498 | 6,372 | 283 |
Real internal growth (RIG) | 0.8% | -0.8% | 0.8% | 0.6% | - 0.3% | 4.3% | 5.5% | 1.6% | 5.3% |
Pricing | 1.5% | 0.4% | 2.5% | 2.8% | 2.7% | - 2.1% | 0.7% | 0.6% | 1.3% |
Organic growth | 2.2% | - 0.5% | 3.3% | 3.4% | 2.5% | 2.1% | 6.2% | 2.2% | 6.6% |
Net M&A | - 0.3% | - 0.1% | - 1.9% | 0.0% | 0.4% | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.0% |
Foreign exchange | - 3.7% | - 2.0% | - 2.5% | - 7.5% | - 4.9% | - 3.5% | - 2.8% | - 2.4% | - 2.7% |
Reported sales growth | - 1.8% | - 2.5% | - 1.0% | - 4.1% | - 2.2% | - 1.3% | 3.7% | 0.1% | 3.9% |
UTOP FY-2024 (CHF m) | 15,704 | 5,640 | 3,192 | 3,916 | 2,429 | 803 | 943 | 1,278 | - 13 |
UTOP FY-2023 (CHF m) | 16,053 | 5,768 | 3,127 | 4,109 | 2,520 | 832 | 777 | 1,291 | -12 |
UTOP Margin FY-2024 | 17.2% | 22.3% | 16.9% | 23.3% | 20.4% | 16.1% | 14.0% | 20.0% | - 4.3% |
UTOP Margin FY-2023 | 17.3% | 22.2% | 16.4% | 23.5% | 20.7% | 16.5% | 12.0% | 20.3% | - 4.3% |
UTOP Margin YoY | - 10bps | + 10bps | + 50bps | - 20bps | - 30bps | - 40bps | + 200bps | - 30bps | Flat |
Zone North America
Our growth in North America in 2024 was disappointing. Organic sales growth of -0.5% reflects mixed delivery across the portfolio, in the context of a challenging consumer environment. We delivered RIG-led positive organic growth in approximately two-thirds of the business by sales. This was offset by weak performance in frozen food and coffee creamers. Turnaround plans are underway in both businesses. In Zone North America, UTOP margin increased modestly, which was the result of an improvement in gross profit margin and a step-up in growth investments.
Segment performance summary
Key sales growth drivers by product category
Zone Europe
In Zone Europe, our sales growth was broad-based, with improved market share trends in a number of categories. Growth was mainly pricing led, reflecting the inflationary environment for coffee and confectionery, supported by positive RIG in coffee and PetCare. Growth was impacted by temporary delistings in the third quarter, but recovered in the fourth quarter, driven by coffee and confectionery. UTOP margin increased, with improved gross profit margin and portfolio optimization helping fund the step-up in growth investment.
Segment performance summary
Key sales growth drivers by product category
Zone Asia, Oceania and Africa
We achieved solid organic sales growth in Zone AOA, with most categories and regions reporting positive RIG. We improved market share trends, particularly for key global brands like KitKat, reignited growth momentum in PetCare and significantly stepped up e-commerce growth. Several macroeconomic headwinds weighed on growth, with consumer hesitancy towards global brands linked to geopolitical tensions persisting throughout the year. In the fourth quarter, we took action to reduce customer inventories in our infant nutrition and dairy categories. For the year, UTOP margin declined, driven by increased investment in advertising and marketing.
Segment performance summary
Key sales growth drivers by product category
Zone Latin America
Sales growth in Zone Latin America was pricing-led growth, with RIG declining slightly. During the year, consumer demand softened and financial pressure on customers increased in several markets due to higher borrowing costs. These headwinds led to actions to reduce customer inventories, which weighed on RIG in Q3. Improved growth in Q4 was driven by confectionery and coffee, with new price increase measures being taken in both categories. UTOP margin for the year declined due to increased investments in growth as well as higher costs linked to the acquisition of the Grupo CRM confectionery business.
Segment performance summary
Key sales growth drivers by product category
Zone Greater China
In Zone Greater China, growth was underpinned by positive RIG delivery in every quarter despite soft consumer demand and intense price competition in several categories. This performance was achieved by driving faster innovation in key categories and adapting route-to-market and channel strategies to capture new growth opportunities. The decline in UTOP margin reflects increased commodity costs and higher growth investments.
Segment performance summary
Key sales growth drivers by product category
Nestlé Health Science
Nestlé Health Science delivered a significant step-up in growth and margin in 2024, with all segments contributing to the improved performance. Organic growth recovered through the year, with double-digit growth in the second half. A key driver of the improved performance was the resolution of supply constraints for our U.S. vitamins, minerals and supplements (VMS) business. UTOP margin increased strongly, driven by growth leverage, mix improvement and cost efficiencies.
Segment performance summary
Key sales growth drivers
Nespresso
Nespresso delivered solid RIG-led growth, driven by the continued rollout of Vertuo, particularly in the U.S. and continued good growth in out-of-home channels. Q4 saw the highest quarterly growth of the year, supported by strong seasonal campaigns and the impact of pricing actions. UTOP margin decreased as we invested behind the expansion of Vertuo and structural costs increased.
Segment performance summary
Key sales growth drivers
Annex
Full-year sales and underlying trading operating profit (UTOP) overview by product
Total Group | Powdered & liquid beverages | Water | Milk products & ice cream | Nutrition & Health Science | Prepared dishes & cooking aids | Confec-tionery | PetCare | |
Sales FY-2024 (CHF m) | 91 354 | 24 598 | 3 180 | 10 397 | 15 137 | 10 711 | 8 449 | 18 882 |
Sales FY-2023 (CHF m) | 92 998 | 24 786 | 3 320 | 10 981 | 15 278 | 11 666 | 8 107 | 18 860 |
Real internal growth (RIG) | 0.8% | 1.6% | - 1.0% | - 0.7% | 1.9% | - 2.2% | - 0.2% | 2.1% |
Pricing | 1.5% | 1.7% | 3.2% | 0.1% | 0.9% | 0.5% | 6.4% | 0.6% |
Organic growth | 2.2% | 3.3% | 2.3% | - 0.6% | 2.8% | - 1.7% | 6.2% | 2.7% |
FY-2024 Underlying TOP (CHF m) | 15 704 | 4 920 | 297 | 2 442 | 3 006 | 2 137 | 1 299 | 4 087 |
FY-2023 Underlying TOP (CHF m) | 16 053 | 5 130 | 351 | 2 688 | 2 831 | 2 136 | 1 364 | 3 912 |
FY-2024 Underlying TOP Margin | 17.2% | 20.0% | 9.3% | 23.5% | 19.9% | 19.9% | 15.4% | 21.6% |
FY-2023 Underlying TOP Margin | 17.3% | 20.7% | 10.6% | 24.5% | 18.5% | 18.3% | 16.8% | 20.7% |
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